The planets 1. Mercury Position: Closest planet to the Sun Diameter: 4,880 km Orbital Period: 88 Earth days Day Length: 59 Earth days Atmosphere: Thin exosphere, composed of oxygen, sodium, hydrogen, helium, and potassium Surface: Rocky, heavily cratered, extreme temperature variations (-173°C to 427°C) Moons: None Interesting Fact: Mercury has the greatest temperature fluctuation of any planet in the Solar System. 2. Venus Position: Second planet from the Sun Diameter: 12,104 km Orbital Period: 225 Earth days Day Length: 243 Earth days (retrograde rotation, meaning it rotates in the opposite direction to most planets) Atmosphere: Thick atmosphere composed mainly of carbon dioxide, with clouds of sulfuric acid Surface: Volcanic, with vast plains, mountain ranges, and highland regions Moons: None Interesting Fact: Venus has the hottest surface of any planet in the Solar System due to its thick greenhouse gas atmosphere. 3. Earth Position: Third planet from the Sun ...
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